Presentations

Abstract

Introduction: Breastfeeding has several psychosocial, health, and financial benefits to the breastfeeding person and the baby.1 However, in the state of Virginia, the breastfeeding initiation rate for Black mothers is the lowest amongst all ethnic groups.2 Despite this, there is less representation of Black breastfeeding people in the research compared to others.2 This study aims to explore contemporary and historical experiences of racism to explain Black breastfeeding disparities which perpetuate maternal and child health inequities in Virginia.

Methods: This study utilized preparatory research and secondary data analysis as part of a community-engaged research project. We conducted a literature review, searching for peer reviewed articles focused on breastfeeding equity, Black breastfeeding, and breastfeeding initiation. We assessed state and local qualitative and quantitative data on Black breastfeeding rates and experiences. We held a listening session of healthcare providers and Black breastfeeding people. Based on the cumulative findings of these processes, a focus group question guide was developed as a research tool to assess barriers to breastfeeding equity faced in Black communities.

Results: The literature review findings include historical practices of slavery affecting breastfeeding, systemic racism influencing research biases, and a lack of outreach and education affecting the participation of Black breastfeeding people in research. Secondary data analysis and a listening session highlighted knowledge and accessibility of resources, biases in healthcare, and limited emphasis on breastfeeding during postpartum care as challenges. The resulting focus group question guide is categorized by: resources, knowledge of human milk, spouse/partner support, and cultural/generational experiences.

Conclusion: This research aims to understand historical and contemporary experiences that influence Black breastfeeding. Racial and historical practices of Black breastfeeding emphasized in the literature exemplifies the impact of the past on current practices. The data supports a need for easily accessible infant feeding education and resources specific to the needs of Black communities. Dismantling systemic bias and racism in healthcare is essential to reduce inequities in maternal and child health. The research tool created is unique as it was created alongside experienced community members and is an essential piece in removing racism and bias from breastfeeding research.